Bribed with trinkets and flattering promises, the good
chief led the way to the next camp, —at the extreme source of the
Missouri; here almost starving, they found water and grass for their
horses. While resting here, Lewis missed one of his pack horses which
had been in charge of a woman who likewise was missing; on inquiring,
the cause, Cameawait said she had stopped some distance down the valley
to 'bring forth a child' and she 'would
'soon overtake us'—'in about an hour the woman arrived with her
new-born babe and passed us on her way to the camp, apparently as well
as she ever was.'
By Lewis: "we
proceeded to the village— of brush lodges, 32 in number—about three
miles above where I first found them encamped—we arrived here at 6
o'clock in the evening; I found Colter here, who had just arrved with a
letter from Captain Clark, in which Captain Clark had given me an
account of his pergrination and description of the river and
country—from this I found it folly to think of attempting to descend
the river and therefore, determined to commence the purchase of horses
in the morning—for passing the Mountains. I now informed Cameawait of
my intended expedition overland to the great river—beyond the mountans
and that I wished to purchase twenty horses; he observed that the
Minnateres had stolen a great number of their horses this spring—but
hoped his people would spare the number he wished—I also asked for
another guide, and he replied that—the old man who had accompanied
Captain Clark would accompany us if we wished— was better informed of
the country than any of them—I had nothing but a little parched corn
this evening to eat myself !"
August 26th, Clark takes on the recording: "Horses
lost, I sent two men to hunt them—set out at 9 o'clock—not one mouthful
until night—hunters could kill nothing—Indians gave us 2 Sammon boiled
which I gave to the men—directed the men to repair moccasons—and turn
out early to hunt Deer, fish, birds—number of ground lizzard. Some few
pigions."
August 27th, "Some
frost—every man except one, out hunting—a young man came from the upper
village and informed me that Captain Lewis would join me about 12
o'clock today— August 28th,—"Indians caught several Samon— and
gave us 2—I purchased 2 others which made last us today—sent a man to
upper village to ask Captain Lewis if he was coming—he returned after
night with note—telling of his situation and that he had purchased 22
horses—sammon, I live on—weaken me verry fast—my flesh, I find is
declining. —29th,—proceeded on up to join Captain Lewis—found
him Counciling—attempting to buy a few more horses—I purchased a horse
for which I gave my pistol, 100 balls powder and a knife— hunters
killed 2 deer—a great treat for me–had ate none for 3 days past.—30th,
gave my fusee to one of the men and sold his musket for a horse which
compleated us to 29 total horses-set out on our route down the Lemhi
river, guided by my old guide—proceeded on 12 miles and camped on south
side." This was about the point now known as Leadore.
From
this point we follow them—guided by the old Indian—to a re-crossing of
the Rocky Mountain to the head waters of the Bitter Root— down it to
the mouth of the Lolo fork where they turned up to its source in the
mountains—there crossed the main chain again to the west and followed
down the west side over cliffs, rocks, canyons and deep snows—living on
horses which they killed on occasion, to support themselves—suffering
intolerably with hunger, disease and cold—to finally strike a village
of Nez Perce Indians who helped them to reach the waters of the
Columbia.
Since leaving their camp on Lemhi, neither Lewis or Clark make mention
of Sacajawea—until in his notes of October 12th, Clark makes mention of
her in these words: "The
wife of Shabano, our interpreter, we find reconciles all the Indians,
as to our friendly intentions—a woman with a party of men is a token of
peace."
How the little red woman, with her baby, survived
the terrific ordeals daily told of in the journals—of hurts, hunger,
sickness and awful distress suffered by both the captains and all their
men,—is not understandable! Yet, here we find her on arrival at the
Clearwater villages of the strange tribes, making possible their
continued voyage by canoe down river, by her incomparable influence
with the hostile tribes. Surely a belated credit to her—and a tame
reminder after all that she had done for them—her suffering must have
been far greater than any of the party, for she had to support not only
herself, but her eight-months-old baby!
Yet again on the 19th, when far down on the Columbia's water, Clark,
with Fields and Drewyer tried to visit shore natives and had no luck—
until Lewis came up with the canoes and party and stopped to aid them
in getting attention from the frightened occupants of their closed
wigwams, but without results: we quote from the journal "as
soon as they saw the Squar, wife of the interpreter, they pointed to
her and informed those who continued yet in the same positon I first
found them, they immediately all came out and appeared to assume a new
life, the sight of this Indian woman—confirmed those people of our
friendly intention." Here they were in sight of Mt. Adams. They
rapidly near the end of their journey—but have never mentioned their
most valuable guide and real life-saver by name since leaving her
family and friends at Lemhi camp nearly two months ago—always the
'squar' or the woman, when forced to mention her the two times on
record. Never a reference of any kind to her babe. No heroine worship
here!
At last they arrived at the mouth of the Columbia and
succeeded in fighting their way through the surf to a sandy
beach—finding the remains of a whale that had been washed ashore—and a
curious fish of which Clark made a sketch (flounder). Here and there
were Indian camps of poor beggars–fish eaters. In their wandering about
the shore, they met a squaw who wore a beautiful otter fur wrap which
they really desired but could not induce her to part with it; "Both
Captain Lewis and myself endeavored to purchase the roab with different
articles—at length we procured it for a belt of blue beads which the
Squar—wife of our interpreter Shabono wore around her waste."
Now, as always, when in difficulty, it was the "Squar" who settled it.
It was here and at this time, that they met two noted chiefs—one of
them the great Com-com-mo-ly, whose daughter, in 1813 became the wife
of Duncan McDougal, a partner or associate of John Jacob Astor, and who
was one of his main representatives at Astoria.
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